Founding Revolt and rebel rivalry The Mongol -led Yuan dynasty — ruled before the establishment of the Ming dynasty. Explanations for the demise of the Yuan include institutionalized ethnic discrimination against Han Chinese that stirred resentment and rebellion, overtaxation of areas hard-hit by inflationand massive flooding of the Yellow River as a result of the abandonment of irrigation projects. Zhu Yuanzhang was a penniless peasant and Buddhist monk who joined the Red Turbans in ; he soon gained a reputation after marrying the foster daughter of a rebel commander. With the Yuan dynasty crumbling, competing rebel groups began fighting for control of the country and thus the right to establish a new dynasty. InZhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction, Fall of the qing dynasty Youliangin the Battle of Lake Poyangarguably visit web page largest naval battle in history.
Known for its ambitious use of fire shipsZhu's force ofMing sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size, claimed to be ,strong.
When Did the Qing Dynasty Come to an End?
The victory destroyed the last opposing rebel faction, leaving Zhu Yuanzhang in uncontested control of the bountiful Yangtze River Valley and cementing his power in the south. After the dynastic head of the Red Turbans thee died in while a guest of Zhu, there was no one left who fll remotely capable of contesting his march to the throne, and he made his imperial ambitions known by sending an army toward the Yuan capital Dadu present-day Beijing in Reign of the Hongwu Emperor Portrait of the Hongwu Emperor ruled in —98 Hongwu made an immediate effort to rebuild state infrastructure. He built a 48 km 30 mi long wall around Nanjingas well as new palaces and government halls. In Hongwu had the Chancellor Hu Weiyong executed upon suspicion of a conspiracy plot to overthrow him; after that Hongwu abolished the Chancellery and assumed this fall of the qing dynasty as chief executive and emperor, a precedent mostly followed throughout the Ming period.
Somepeople were executed qkng a series of purges during his rule. However, he also sought to use the Yuan legacy to fall of the qing dynasty his authority in China and other areas ruled by the Yuan. He continued policies of the Yuan dynasty such as continued request for Korean concubines and eunuchs, Mongol-style hereditary military institutions, Mongol-style clothing and hats, promoting archery and horseback riding, and having large numbers of Mongols serve in the Ming military. Until the late 16th century Mongols still constituted one-in-three officers serving in capital forces like the Embroidered Uniform Guardand other peoples such as Jurchens were also prominent.
He resettledMongols into his territory, with many serving as guards in the capital.
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The emperor also strongly advertised the hospitality and role granted to Chinggisid nobles in his court. The Hui troops under General Mu Yingwho ghe appointed Governor of Yunnan, were resettled in the region as part of a colonization effort. Roughly half a million more Chinese settlers came in later periods; these migrations caused a major shift in the ethnic make-up of the region, since formerly more than half of the population were non-Han peoples.
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Resentment over such massive changes in population and the resulting government presence and policies sparked more Miao and Yao revolts in towhich were crushed by an army of 30, Ming troops including 1, Mongols joining thelocal Guangxi see Miao Rebellions Ming dynasty. After the scholar and philosopher Wang Yangming — suppressed another rebellion in the region, he advocated single, unitary administration of Chinese and indigenous ethnic groups in order to bring about sinification of the local peoples.
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After the overthrow of the Mongol Yuan dynasty by the Ming dynasty inManchuria remained under control of the Mongols of the Northern Yuan dynasty based in Mongolia. Naghachua former Yuan official and a Uriankhai general of the Northern Yuan dynasty, won hegemony over the Mongol tribes in Manchuria Liaoyang province of the former Yuan dynasty.
He grew strong in the northeast, with forces large enough numbering hundreds of thousands to threaten invasion of the newly founded Ming dynasty in order to restore the Mongols to power in China.]
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