Who is considered the father of modern economics - agree with
He is regarded as the father of modern British policing , owing to his founding of the Metropolitan Police Service. Peel was one of the founders of the modern Conservative Party. The son of a wealthy textile-manufacturer and politician, Peel was the first prime minister from an industrial business background. He earned a double first in classics and mathematics from Christ Church, Oxford. He entered the House of Commons in , and became a rising star in the Tory Party. Peel entered the Cabinet as Home Secretary — , where he reformed and liberalised the criminal law and created the modern police force, leading to a new type of officer known in tribute to him as "bobbies" and "peelers". After a brief period out of office he returned as Home Secretary under his political mentor the Duke of Wellington — , also serving as Leader of the House of Commons. Initially a supporter of continued legal discrimination against Catholics , Peel reversed himself and supported the repeal of the Test Act and the Roman Catholic Relief Act , claiming that "though emancipation was a great danger, civil strife was a greater danger". After being in the Opposition —, he became Prime Minister in November Peel issued the Tamworth Manifesto December , laying down the principles upon which the modern British Conservative Party is based. who is considered the father of modern economics
Bentham defined as the "fundamental axiom " of his philosophy the principle that "it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong. He advocated individual and economic freedomsthe separation of church and statefreedom of expressionequal rights for women, the right to divorce, and in an unpublished essay the decriminalising of homosexual acts.
Bentham's students included his secretary and collaborator James Millthe latter's son, John Stuart Millthe legal philosopher John AustinAmerican writer and activist John Nealas well as Robert Owenone of the founders of utopian socialism. He "had considerable influence on the reform of prisons, schools, poor laws, law courts, and Parliament itself.
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On his death inBentham left instructions for his body to be first dissected, and then to be permanently preserved as an "auto-icon" or self-imagewhich would be his memorial. Because of his iz in favour of the general availability of education, he has been described as the "spiritual founder" of UCL. However, he played only a limited direct part in its foundation. Bentham was born on 15 February in HoundsditchLondon[17] to a wealthy family that supported the Tory party. He was reportedly a child prodigy: he was found as a toddler sitting at his father's desk reading a multi-volume history of England, and he began to study Latin at the age of three.
He attended Westminster School ; inat age 12, his father sent him to The Queen's College, Oxfordwhere he completed his bachelor's degree in and his master's degree in He trained as a lawyer and, though he never practised, was called to the bar in He became deeply frustrated with the complexity of English law, which he termed the "Demon of Chicane". In of parliamentary democracyBentham travelled to Krichev in White Russia modern Belarus to visit his brother, Who is considered the father of modern economicswho was engaged in managing various industrial and other projects for Prince Potemkin. It was Samuel as Jeremy later repeatedly acknowledged who conceived the basic idea of a circular building at the hub of a larger compound as a means of allowing a small number of managers to oversee the activities of a large and unskilled workforce.
Bentham began to develop this model, particularly as applicable to prisons, and outlined his ideas in a series of letters sent home to his father in England. The Panopticon was intended to be cheaper than the prisons of his time, as it required fewer staff; "Allow me to construct a prison on this model," Bentham requested to a Committee for the Reform of Criminal Law, "I will be the gaoler.]
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