Captains of industry and robber barons - criticising
Their glory was at its zenith ; during this whole period they literally sunned themselves in the affection of popular opinion. The degree in which they had won a general public consent is reflected in many a candid and even naively ecstatic chronicle in the press, a press with which they of course maintained the warmest and most inspiring relations. The type of the successful baron of industry now presented itself as the high human product of the American climate, the flower of its own order of chivalry, much wondered at, envied or feared in foreign lands whose peers had arrived somewhat earlier at coronets, garlands and garters. As such he would indeed be bold who would challenge their right to sit in the highest assembly of the country as representatives of the American people. But they also became in even greater number lay leaders of churches, trustees of universities, partners or owners of newspapers or press services and figures of fashionable, cultured society. And through all these channels they labored to advance their policies and principles, sometimes directly, more often with skillful indirection. The spirit of our barons led them by many paths to worship in the House of God. It would be false to deny or overlook the strong religious impulse shared by most of the great possessors of money, who were nearly all apparently true believers, godly men and generous champions of the Church. The unconscionable Daniel Drew, for instance, would always repair to his home or his church in his hours of trouble and pray vociferously to the Lord. In his mystic faith he possessed a seeming affinity with those predatory warriors of other centuries who turned so easily from the field of slaughter to kneel in prayer before the altar of God. captains of industry and robber barons.The book co-written with Charles Dudley Warner satirized the promised " golden age " after the Civil War, portrayed as an era of serious social problems masked by a thin gold gilding of economic expansion.
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For them, Gilded Oc was a pejorative term for a time of materialistic excesses combined with extreme poverty. With respect to eras of American history, historical views vary as to when the Gilded Age began, ranging from starting right after the American Civil War ended,oror as the Reconstruction Era ended in It is generally given as the beginning of the Progressive Era in the s sometimes the United States presidential election of [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] but also falls in a range that includes the Spanish—American War inTheodore Roosevelt 's accession to the presidency inand even the end of the Progressive Era coinciding with the U.
The nation was rapidly expanding its economy into new areas, especially heavy industry like factories, railroadsand coal mining.
Inthe First Transcontinental Railroad opened up the far-west mining and ranching regions. Travel from New York to San Francisco now took six days instead of six months. The new track linked formerly isolated areas with larger markets and allowed for the rise of robbee farming, ranching, and mining, creating a truly national marketplace. American steel production rose to surpass the combined totals of Britain, Germany, and France.
Captains of industry or robber barons background essay questions
Bythe process of economic concentration had extended into most branches of industry—a few large corporations, called " trusts ", dominated in steel, oil, sugar, meat, and farm machinery. Captauns vertical integration these trusts were able to control each aspect of the production of a specific good, ensuring that the profits made on the finished product were maximized and prices minimized, and by controlling access to the raw materials, prevented other companies from being able to compete in the marketplace.
Frederick Winslow Taylor observed that worker efficiency in steel could be improved through the use of very close observations with a stop watch to eliminate wasted effort. Mechanization made some factories an assemblage of unskilled laborers performing simple and repetitive tasks under the direction of skilled foremen and engineers.
Machine shops grew rapidly, and they comprised highly skilled workers and engineers. Both the number of unskilled and skilled workers increased, as their wage rates grew. Railroads invented modern management, with clear chains of command, statistical reporting, and complex bureaucratic systems.]
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