Why is the cerebellum called the little brain Video
Cerebellum (The Little Brain) why is the cerebellum called the little brain
The central nervous system CNS includes the brain and the spinal cord. The CNS is protected by bones and the meninges the dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater. Cerebrospinal fluid cushions the CNS from damage.
There are cetebellum main nerves branching off from the CNS — 12 pairs of cranial nerves that branch off from the brain and 31 pairs of spinal nerves that branch off from the spinal cord. The brain, which is housed in and protected by the bones of the skull, makes up all parts of the central nervous system above the spinal cord. A human brain can weigh up to 3 pounds and is one of the largest organs of the body.
Functional Areas of the Cerebrum
Like the spinal cord, the brain is made of mainly gray matter and white matter arranged in distinct layers. The top of the brain appears as a soggy, pinkish-gray mass that looks like a walnut. The brain can be divided into two major parts: the lower brain stem and tthe higher forebrain. The brain stem sits above the spinal cord and has many connections between them.
The brain stem, the most primitive part of the brain, is made up of the medulla, pons, cerebellum, midbrain, hypothalamus and thalamus.
The cerebral cortex, limbic system and basal ganglia make up the forebrain. The forebrain deals with homeostasis, emotions and conscious actions. It has about 50 billion nerve cells. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is part of the forebrain. It houses the nerve center that controls sensory, motor activities and intelligence. The outer layer, the cerebral cortex, is made of nerve fibers called gray matter.
The inner layer is made of a different type of nerve fibers called white matter. The source ganglia is found in the white matter. The cerebrum is divided in to left and right hemispheres.
The left half controls the right side of the body and the right half controls the left side of the body. A mass of nerve fibers known as the corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres and allows communication between the two. The surface of the cerebrum is made up of gyri and sulci. A cortex is the outer layer of any organ.
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The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain, called gray matter. It is where our conscious thoughts and actions take place.
Many of the signals our brain receives from our senses are registered in the cerebral cortex. The visual cortex is in the lower back part of the brain and is where our brain registers what we see. The somatosensory cortex is a band that runs over the top of the brain is where our brain registers a touch on any part of our body.
The motor cortex is just in front of the somatosensory cortex and it sends out signals to muscles to make them move.]
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