1960s psychology movement - thanks for
Our new issue is out now. The German writer Erich Fromm was one of the most influential social philosophers of the twentieth century. You can listen to the episode here. Erich Fromm was a teenager during some of the most tumultuous years in modern German history: the First World War, the fall of the monarchy, the Spartacist uprising, the Kapp Putsch. What impact did those years have on his political and intellectual development? 1960s psychology movementA wealth of recent research supports the validity of the Self-Prioritization Effect SPE —the performance advantage for responses to self-associated as compared with other-person-associated stimuli in a shape—label matching task. However, inconsistent findings have been reported regarding the particular stage s of information processing that are influenced.
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In one account, self-prioritization modulates multiple stages of processing, whereas according to a competing account, self-prioritization is driven solely by a modulation in central-stage information-processing. 1960s psychology movement decide between these two possibilities, the present study tested whether the self-advantage in arm movements previously reported could reflect a 1960s psychology movement bias using visual feedback Experiment 1or approach motivation processes Experiments 1 and 2.
The advantage for self in arm-movement responses emerged in both experiments. They further indicate that self-relevance can modulate movement responses predominantly using proprioceptive, kinaesthetic, and tactile information. These findings support the view that self-relevance modulates arm-movement responses, countering the suggestion that self-prioritization only influences central-stage processes, and consistent with a multiple-stage influence instead. Across a diverse range of experimental tasks, it has been demonstrated that processing stimuli associated with the self can modulate attention Sui et al.
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Distinct neural circuitry has also been demonstrated to underpin the self-advantage in the matching task Sui et al. Sui et al. The use of neutral shapes rather than the traditional own name, face, or other self-related stimuli enables researchers to examine the influence of self-relevance without introducing those confounds associated with previous studies—namely, stimulus familiarity and overlearning. In a prototypical task, participants are instructed to associate social labels e. They then carry out a matching task in which they have to judge whether sequentially presented shape—label pairs match the designated associations or not. Greater accuracy and shorter RTs are robustly found in the self-associated shape—label matching condition Golubickis et al. Functional connectivity between the vmPFC and psychologg classic WM region frontoparietal cortex has also been demonstrated to underpin self-prioritization in a spatial WM task Yin 1960s psychology movement al.
Based on a wide range of evidence across tasks, it has been proposed that self-relevant stimuli activate a self-representation in the vmPFC which modulates responses by functionally coupling with distinct domain-specific regions associated with different components of the self. Other research suggests that 1960s psychology movement in the matching task may influence motor-related processes as well. In an action-related adaptation of Sui et al. A directional cursor indicated to participants which psychollgy the arm movements to execute.
On reaching the side of the screen, the participants had to judge whether the label that appeared matched the allocated arm-movement or not by pressing one of two mouse buttons.
Self-prioritization: The matching task
Judgements were faster and more accurate in self-associated trials. The authors did not, however, examine whether self-relevance moement modulate the overt arm-movement response itself. In contrast, Desebrock et al. In line with previous work, an SPE was demonstrated in the initiation of responses. In a novel result, the authors also found that self-relevance modulated the overt movement response. Contrasting with the view that self-relevance can modulate multiple stages of movemet processing, a growing number of researchers have suggested that self-referential and other-referential processing may only be distinguished in later-stage, higher-order, cognitive processes Miyakoshi et al.
These studies ruled out a perceptual modulation by self-relevance, but, in line with tradition in the literature, modulation of the motor stage was not considered. In contrast, in a recent study aimed at pinpointing the processing locus of the 1960s psychology movement, Janczyk et al. Footnote 2. Across three experiments, Janczyk et al. In their fourth experiment, the authors also found that the motor stage 1960s psychology movement not contribute to the SPE.]
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