How did rousseau influence the declaration of independence Video
John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu: Influencing the Founding Fathers how did rousseau influence the declaration of independence
Ottoman Empire. Greek civil wars of — The war led to the formation of modern Greece.
The revolution is celebrated by Greeks around the world as independence day on 25 March. Greece came under Ottoman rule in the 15th century, in the decades before and after the fall of Constantinople. The Filiki Eteria planned to launch revolts in the Peloponnesethe Danubian Principalitiesand Constantinople itself. However, the plans of Filiki Eteria were discovered by the Ottoman authorities, forcing the revolution to start earlier. The events in the north urged the Greeks in the Peloponnese Morea into action and on 17 Marchthe Maniots were first to declare war.
Revolts in CreteMacedoniaand Central Greece broke out, but were eventually suppressed. Meanwhile, makeshift Greek fleets achieved success against the Ottoman navy in the Aegean Sea and prevented Ottoman reinforcements from arriving by sea.
Tensions soon developed among different Greek factions, leading to two consecutive civil wars. The Ottoman Sultan called in his vassal Muhammad Ali of Egyptwho agreed to send his son Ibrahim Pasha to Greece with an army to suppress the revolt in return for territorial gains. Ibrahim landed in the Peloponnese in February and brought most of the peninsula under Egyptian control by the end of that year.
The town of Missolonghi fell in April after a year-long siege by the Turks. Despite a failed invasion of ManiAthens also fell and the revolution looked all but lost. At that point, the three Great powers —Russia, Britain and France—decided to intervene, sending their naval squadrons to Greece in Following news that the combined Ottoman—Egyptian fleet was going to attack the island of Hydrathe allied European fleets intercepted the Ottoman navy declaraton Navarino.
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After a tense week-long standoff, the Battle of Navarino led to the destruction of the Ottoman—Egyptian fleet and turned the tide in favor of the revolutionaries. In the Egyptian army withdrew under pressure of a French expeditionary force. The Ottoman garrisons in the Peloponnese surrendered, and the Greek revolutionaries proceeded to retake central Greece. Russia invaded the Ottoman Empire and forced it to accept Greek autonomy in the Treaty of Adrianople After nine years of war, Greece was finally recognized as an independent state under the London Protocol of February Further negotiations in led to the London Conference and the Treaty of Constantinople ; these defined the final borders of the new state and established Prince Otto of Bavaria as the first king of Greece.]
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