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The American Revolutionary War —also known as the Revolutionary War and the American War of Independence, was initiated by delegates from thirteen American colonies of British America in Congress against Great Britain over their objection to Parliament's taxation policies and lack of colonial representation. The cost of victory in the to French and Indian War and the why was the american victory at saratoga important Seven Years' War left the British government deeply in debt; the colonies where the war was fought equipped and populated the British forces there, at the cost of millions of their own funds. When Parliament imposed the Intolerable Acts upon Massachusettstwelve colonies sent delegates to amerixan First Continental Congress to draft a Petition to the King and organize a boycott of British goods.
Fighting broke out on 19 April the British garrison at Boston was harassed by Massachusetts militia at Lexington and Concord after destroying colonial Importan powder stores.
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In response, they invaded British Quebec but were repulsed. In JulyCongress unanimously passed the Declaration of Independence.
Hopes of a quick settlement were supported by American sympathizers within Parliament who opposed Lord North 's "coercion policy" in the colonies. Washington retreated to Valley Forge during the winter of — where Prussian allied General von Steuben drilled the largely untrained Continental Army into an organized fighting unit.
French Foreign Minister Vergennes saw the war as a way to create an America economically and militarily dependent on France, not Britain. Although talks on a formal alliance began in latethey proceeded slowly until the Patriot victory at Saratoga in October Fears Congress might come to an early settlement with Britain resulted in France and the United States signing two treaties in February The first was a commercial treatythe second a Treaty of Alliance ; in return for a French guarantee of American independence, Congress agreed to join the war against Britain why was the american victory at saratoga important defend the French West Indies. Although Spain refused to join the Franco-American alliance, in the Treaty of Aranjuez they agreed to support France in its global war with Britainhoping to regain losses incurred in After capturing Savannahdefeats at the Battle of Kings Mountain and the Battle of Cowpens forced Cornwallis to retreat to Yorktownwhere his army was besieged by an allied French and American force.
An attempt to resupply the garrison was repulsed by the French navy at the Battle of the Chesapeakeand Cornwallis surrendered in October ]
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