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In the latter case, please turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page. The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of flexion exercise of the deep cervical muscles on headache and sleep disorders in patients with tension headaches and forward head posture. The experimental group performed cervical deep muscle flexion exercises for 4 weeks, whereas the control group performed stretching exercises for the same period.
Thdrapy results indicate that flexion exercise of the deep cervical muscles in patients with tension headache and forward head posture will improve the quality of life and activities of free physical therapy journal articles life by mitigating headaches and sleep disorders. There is a high prevalence of cervical disease today as the lifestyles of modern people have changed; this subsequently poses a high economic burden [ 1 ]. The prevalence may be due to the articlea use of body parts and muscles because of the repetitive and monotonous work activities we perform today [ 2 ]. Unlike in the past, the use of various computers and smartphones has increased widely in various fields such as production, management, and communication [ 3 ], causing serious difficulties related to the neck due to an improper posture [ 4free physical therapy journal articles ].
Forward neck posture is a phenomenon in which the head is moved forward in the sagittal plane of the cervical spine, and afticles head is placed in front of the trunk or turns [ 67 ].
Therefore, structurally, the central line of the head moves forward and upward, increasing the weight of the head supported by the neck. The craniocervical region compensates with a slight distortion.
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Over time, this posture results in shorter adaptability in the suboccipital muscles, posterior ligaments, and membranes associated with the atlanto-axial and atlanto-occipital joints [ 8 ]. This causes an increase in lordosis and shortening of the occipital muscles. It further causes abnormal and continuous muscle contraction and relative compensatory action of the muscles of the occipital bone, neck, and shoulders, resulting in a change in the shape of the cervical lordosis [ 9 ]. Free physical therapy journal articles, the forward neck posture causes muscle weakness in the deep flexors of the cervical spine, which not only reduces neck stability but also causes pain [ 101112 ].
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Deep muscles, such as the longus colli and longus capitis, are less active than the superficial muscles, such as the sternocleidomastoid and anterior scalenus [ 13 ]. A headache is defined as pain occurring in the head and neck and is a common disease experienced by The inconvenience and social costs caused by headaches go beyond the problems of individual patients and their cultural appropriation indian and increase the burden on the society as a whole [ 15 ]. Head forward posture is known to cause tension headaches and even sleep disorders [ 101112 ]. Tension headaches are caused by ischemia in the upper cervical region because the muscle tone of the back of the cervical bones is consistently high [ 16 ]; the cervical nerve roots of C1 to Free physical therapy journal articles are weakened, resulting in the release of harmful irritating tissues to the joint capsule, ligaments, and spine [ 16 ].
Headaches caused by abnormal muscle tone around the skull and cervical spine are known as tension free physical therapy journal articles [ 17 ].
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In addition, in people with tension headaches, an increase in forward head posture and a decrease in neck movement are specific and clinical [ 18 ]. Tension headaches cause sleep disorders, which are related to quality of life and lead to disabilities [ 10 ].
Although the mechanism has not been clearly identified, sleep disorders and headaches are closely related [ 19 ]. Among the types of headaches that cause sleep disorders, tension headache is a representative disorder [ 20 ].
Therefore, in order to solve the problems associated with forward head posture, various approaches such as stretching, muscle strengthening exercises, and manual therapy are being attempted [ 21 ]. In a previous study by Lynch [ 21 ], it was reported that muscle strengthening and stretching exercises were effective for the forward head posture. Studies comparing the effectiveness of manual therapy with flexion exercise to improve the forward head posture have also been conducted [ 22 ].]
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