Anarcho collectivism - apologise, that
Anarcho-communism , [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] also known as anarchist communism , [a] is a political philosophy and anarchist school of thought which advocates the abolition of the state , capitalism , wage labour , social hierarchies [18] and private property while retaining respect for personal property , along with collectively-owned items, goods and services [19] in favour of common ownership of the means of production [20] [21] and direct democracy as well as a horizontal network of workers' councils with production and consumption based on the guiding principle " From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs ". Anarcho-communism developed out of radical socialist currents after the French Revolution , [33] [34] but it was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the First International. During the Russian Civil War , anarchists in Ukraine rose up against both the Red and White army establishing the Free Territory , with the main ideology being anarcho-communism and anarcho-collectivism based on Peter Kropotkin's works establishing an autonomous zone over most of Ukraine, from to Beating back both White and Red Army , before later being attacked and invaded by the Bolsheviks in Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War starting in , anarcho-communism existed in most of Aragon , parts of the Levante and Andalusia as well as in the stronghold of anarchist Catalonia before being crushed in by the combined forces of the Francoist Nationalists the regime that won the war , Nationalist allies such as Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini and even Spanish Communist Party repression backed by the Soviet Union as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist states and the Spanish Republic itself governed by the Republicans. Anarcho-communist currents appeared during the English Civil War and the French Revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries, respectively. Gerrard Winstanley , who was part of the radical Diggers movement in England, wrote in his pamphlet The New Law of Righteousness that there "shall be no buying or selling, no fairs nor markets, but the whole earth shall be a common treasury for every man" and "there shall be none Lord over others, but every one shall be a Lord of himself". anarcho collectivism
Collectivism is a value that is characterized by emphasis on cohesiveness among individuals and prioritization of the group over the self. Individuals or groups that subscribe to a collectivist worldview tend to anarcho collectivism common values and goals as particularly salient [1] and demonstrate greater orientation toward in-group than toward wnarcho.
An anthropologist, Redfield echoed this notion in work contrasting folk society with urban society. Max Weber contrasted collectivism and individualism through the lens of religion, believing that Protestants were more individualistic and self-reliant compared to Catholics, who endorsed hierarchical, interdependent relationships among anarcho collectivism.
Hofstede conceptualized collectivism and individualism as part of a single continuum, with each cultural construct representing an opposite pole. The author characterized individuals that endorsed a high degree of anarcho collectivism as being embedded in their social contexts and prioritizing communal goals over individual goals.
Collectivism was an important part of Marxist—Leninist ideology in the Soviet Unionwhere it played a key anarcho collectivism in forming the New Soviet man, willingly sacrificing his or her life for the good of the collective. Terms such as "collective" and "the masses" were frequently used in the official language and collectivusm in agitprop literature, for example by Vladimir Mayakovsky Who needs a "1" and Bertolt Brecht The DecisionMan Equals Man. Anarcho-collectivism deals with collectivism in a decentralized anarchistic system, in which people are paid off their surplus anarcho collectivism.
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Collectivist anarchism is contrasted with anarcho-communismwhere wages would be abolished and where individuals would take freely from a storehouse of goods " to each according to his need ". It is most commonly associated with Anarcho collectivism Bakuninthe anti-authoritarian sections of the International Workingmen's Association and the anarcho collectivism Spanish anarchist movement. The construct of collectivism is represented in empirical literature under several different names. Most commonly, the term interdependent self-construal is used.
In one critical model of collectivism, Markus and Kitayama [21] anarcho collectivism the interdependent i. As such, one's sense of self depends on and is defined in part by those around them and is primarily manifested in public, overt behavior.
As such, the organization of the self is guided by using others as a reference.]
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