Criticism: Inductive approach vs deductive approach
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| Plate tectonics online games | Inductive reasoning is a form of argument that—in contrast to deductive reasoning—allows for the possibility that a conclusion can be false, even if all of the premises are true. This difference between deductive and inductive reasoning is reflected in the terminology used to describe deductive and inductive arguments. 2 days ago · Where deductive reasoning takes a top-down approach to reach a specific conclusion (known as a deductive inference), inductive reasoning takes a bottom-up approach. Basically, you start with some form of information and draw a general conclusion from that data. 1 day ago · -In this system, a researcher gathers information about a topic before developing theories about how to explain aspects of it-The researcher collects data first and then generates a theory from the analysis of that data-Researchers who use a qualitative approach usually use inductive reasoning Deductive Logic-Deductive logic begins at the level of theory. |
A statistical syllogism proceeds from a generalization about a group to a conclusion about an individual.
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Proportion Q of the known instances of population P has attribute A. Individual I is another member of P. Therefore, there is a probability corresponding to Q that I has A. Bob is a graduate of Excelsior Preparatory school. Therefore, Bob will go on to University. This is a statistical syllogism. Arguably the argument is too strong and might be accused of "cheating".
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After all, the probability is given in the premise. Typically, inductive reasoning seeks to formulate a probability.
Two dicto simpliciter fallacies can occur in statistical syllogisms: " accident " and " converse accident ". Argument from analogy[ edit ] The process of analogical inference involves noting the shared properties apprroach two or more things and from this basis inferring that they also share some further property: [13] P and Q are similar in respect to properties a, b, and c.
Object P has been observed to have further property x.
Therefore, Q probably has property x also. Analogical reasoning is very frequent in common sensesciencephilosophylawand the humanitiesbut sometimes it is accepted only as an auxiliary method. A refined approach is case-based reasoning.]
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