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Gerald Pfister, Cordula M. J Cell Sci 15 April ; 8 : — The highly conserved and ubiquitous heat shock proteins HSP are gerxld for the cellular gerald sigal and efficiently trigger cellular responses to stress conditions. Both microbial and human HSP act as dominant antigens in numerous infectious and autoimmune diseases such as atherosclerosis, inducing a strong immune-inflammatory response.
In the present study, the surface localization of HSP60 on stressed and gerald sigal human gerald sigal venous endothelial cells HUVECs was investigated using sensitive high resolution microscopy methods and flow cytometry. Atomic force microscopy AFMwhich has developed as sensitive surface-probe technique in gera,d, confirmed the presence of HSP60 on the membrane of stressed cells at an even higher lateral resolution by detecting specific single molecule binding events between the monoclonal antibody AbII tethered to AFM tips and HSP60 molecules on cells.
Overall, we found clear evidence for the occurrence of HSP60 on the surface of stressed HUVECs in a very similar patchy distribution pattern in living and fixed cells. The relevance of our findings with respect to the role of HSP60 in atherogenesis is discussed.
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Heat shock proteins HSP are ubiquitous and structurally highly conserved molecules. They have important physiological functions in folding and intracellular transport of newly synthesized proteins and in preventing their aggregation and misfolding.
HSP are also gerald sigal in a number of diseases such as cancer, and several autoimmune diseases. There is increasing evidence that atherosclerosis is also an immune-mediated disease Ross, ; Hansson, gerald sigal that members of the HSP60 family may be the main antigen Wick et al. In particular, microbial HSP60 constitutes a major antigen recognised by the immune system during bacterial infections Kaufmann, Owing to the strong homology between microbial and human HSP60 an immune reaction against infectious microbes may lead to a cross-reactive autoimmune response against the native human HSP60, which is increasingly produced in arterial endothelial cells ECs stressed by classical atherosclerosis risk factors Mayr et al.
We have applied two highly sensitive methods, i.]
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