social class in 19th century england
A gentlemen's club is a private social club of a type originally set up by men from Britain's upper classes in the 18th and succeeding centuries. Cenrury countries outside Britain have prominent gentlemen's clubs, mostly those associated with the British Empire. In particular, IndiaPakistanand Bangladesh have enthusiastically taken up the practice, and have a thriving club scene. There are also many extant clubs in major American cities. A gentleman's club typically contains a formal dining room, a bar, a library, a billiards room and one or more parlours for reading, gaming or socializing.
Many clubs also contain guest rooms xentury fitness amenities. Some are associated mainly with sports such as sailing, skiing and mountaineering and maintain regular opportunities for other events such as formal dining.
The original clubs were established in the West End of London. Today, the area of St James's is still sometimes called "clubland". Clubs took over some parts of the role occupied see more coffee houses in 18th-century Londonand reached the height of their influence in the late 19th century. The first clubs, such as White'sBrooks's and Boodle'swere aristocratic in flavour, and provided an environment for gambling, which was illegal outside of members-only establishments.
The 19th century brought an explosion in the popularity of clubs, particularly around the s.
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At their height, London had over such establishments. This expansion can be social class in 19th century england in part by the large extensions of the franchise in the Reform Sofial of, and Each time, hundreds of thousands more men were qualified to vote, and it was common for them to feel that they had been elevated to the status of a gentlemanthus they sought a club.
The existing clubs, with strict limits on membership numbers and article source waiting lists, were generally wary of such newly enfranchised potential members, and so these entland began forming their own clubs. Each of the three great Reform Acts corresponded with a further expansion of clubs, as did a further extension of the franchise in Many of these new, more "inclusive" clubs proved just as reluctant as their forebears to admit new members when the franchise was further extended. Club Life in Londonan book, begins: "The Club in the general acceptation of the term, may be regarded as one of the earliest offshoots of man's habitual gregariousness and social inclination. An increasing number of clubs were characterised by their members' interest in politics, literature, sport, art, automobiles, travel, particular countries, or some other pursuit.
In other cases, the connection between the members was membership of the same branch of the armed forces, or the same school or university. Thus the growth of clubs provides an indicator as to what was considered a respectable part of the "Establishment" at the time.
By the late 19th century, any man with a credible claim to the status of "gentleman" was eventually able to find a club willing to admit him, unless his character was objectionable in some way or he was "unclubbable" a word first used by Samuel Johnson. Members of source aristocracy and politicians were likely to have several clubs.
The record number of memberships is believed to have been with Earl Mountbattenwho had nineteen in the s. Public entertainments, such as musical performances and the like, were not a feature of this sort of club. The clubs were, in effect, "second homes" [3] in the centre of London where men could relax, mix with their friends, play parlour gamesget a meal, and in some clubs stay overnight.
Expatriates, when staying in England, could use their clubs, as with the East India Club or the Oriental Clubas a base. They allowed upper- and upper-middle-class men with modest incomes to spend their time in grand surroundings. The richer clubs were built by the same architects as the finest country houses of the time, and had similar types of interiors. They were a convenient retreat for men who wished to get away from female relations, "in keeping with the separate spheres ideology according to which the man dealt with the public world, whereas women's social class in 19th century england was the home. Gentleman's clubs were private places that were designed to allow men to relax and create friendships with other men. In the 19th and 20th englad, clubs were regarded as a central part of elite men's lives.
They provided everything a regular home would have.]
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